Hello Evan-
While equalization can be complex and headaches can be avoided by hiring a seasoned consultant for tuning the system, there are microprocessor-controlled devices on the market by Shure, Sabine, Peavey, Yamaha, etc., that are capable of notching out feedback-prone hot spots, and I recommend the purchase of these devices for broadband and narrowband equalization.However, here is the industry-accepted methodology for Room EQ Basics:
1. Connect the unpowered pink noise generator to the house system, and mute all microphones. Adjust the equalizer and all related tone knobs to zero (0dB).
2. Connect the house mic to a 1/3rd octave frequency sprectrum analyzer (using a mic preamplifier if necessary). Adjust the mic so that it is about 4' off the floor (average seated height). Aim the mic at the loudspeaker(s) that are connected to the equalizer you want to tune. Be prepared to move the mic to different locations to obtain an average reading on the analyzer.
3. With the pink noise generator turned down all the way, power on the power amplifier(s) for the section you are tuning. Slowly raise the gain of the pink noise generator so that the loudspeakers are energized at a high sound pressure level (SPL), so that you can read the curve on the analyzer and the direct sound is clearly louder than any reverberant reflections. Most consultants wear hearing protection at this stage.
4. Lower the knobs/sliders of the 1/3rd octave equalizer for flat frequency response, about 1dB or 2dB at a time, lowering the largest peaks. IMPORTANT: Only cut frequency knobs - never boost frequency knobs (boosting creates feedback sensitivity). Once flat or thereabouts, adjust the equalizer for a sloping curve downward at 3dB per octave starting at 2kHz to the upper end of the spectrum (or one L.E.D per 1/3rd octave row on many spectrum analyzers). Be cognizant that a single knob/slider on a 1/3rd octave equalizer affects a lot of sound information. Document the EQ knob/slider dB positions at this time.
5. Talk into a mic thru the system and listen for speech clarity and feedback sensitivity. Make -small- changes to accommodate findings or minimize feedback hot spots. When you are finished, document knob/slider dB positions. Repeat for every house & monitor equalizer in the system.
Here is a quick read that describes the history of system equalization and contains useful insight for students of sound and acoustics: http://svconline.com/ar/avinstall_art_equalization/
Also, here is an article that shows the Boner House Curve: http://www.micasamm.com/publications/SecretsofHTandHF_july2002.htm
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